The following comments are in response to the Los OsosWastewater Draft Environmental Impact Report and were sent to Mark Hutchinson, Environmental Projects Manager, San Luis Obispo County, Calif. via Facsimile 1/14/09 and FedEx overnight to arrive 1/15/09.
A technology which provides a 50%+ reduction in energy usage coupled with a 70% reduction in capital cost is very smart, no matter how you pay fit it.
Comments by Mark Low/ECOfluid
DEIR Los Osos
County of San Luis Obispo
Los Osos Wastewater Project
Attention: Mark Hutchinson and all other interested parties;
ECOfluid’s http://www.ecofluid.com/ Treatment Technology information was provided to
San Luis Obispo County, your consulting engineer “Carollo Engineers” and you
before and/or during the EIR Scoping period yet that information was not included
as part of the county’s evaluation and current EIR Process/Report. As part of my
continuing effort to make known ECOfluid’s USBF (MBR) energy conservation and
capital cost saving wastewater treatment technology, I have attached a series of
exhibits in support of the county’s study that would be of interest to those
responsible for researching solutions for vetting and selection in the Los
Osos/Baywood Park Septic Tank Discharge Elimination Project. I will keep my
comments as sharp and on point as is possible, while extending the invitation to
you and/or your consulting engineer(s) to meet with our engineers to discuss more
fully the facts, features and advantages of employing ECOfluid’s USBF (with or
without ultra filtration membrane) Treatment Technology.
In response to the DEIR, I have the following comments regarding our technology
which seems to have been missed “during the process”:
First:
Electric Power Consumption for ECOfluid’s USBF Treatment Biology only
Is 450,000 kWh/year for a 1.2 MGD Facility.
Electric Power Consumption for all equipment including headworks, biological
treatment, external membrane filtration, UV Disinfection (tertiary treatment)
Is 900,000 kWh/year for a 1.2MGD ECOfluid USBF MBR Facility.
When these figures are added to those on Page 454 of the DEIR in order that a true
“side by side” comparison of technology include ECOfluid’s USBF, there is little
doubt, if any, that energy is conserved in the daily operation of and for the life of
the Facility.
The energy usage information regarding the ECOfluid USBF (MBR)
Treatment Technology is a “significant environmental issue” as
described in CEQA Statues:
http://ceres.ca.gov/topic/env_law/ceqa/guidelines/art7.html
15088. Evaluation of and Response to Comments
(c) The written response shall describe the disposition of significant
environmental issues raised (e.g., revisions to the proposed project to
mitigate anticipated impacts or objections). In particular, the major
environmental issues raised when the Lead Agency's position is at variance
with recommendations and objections raised in the comments must be addressed
in detail giving reasons why specific comments and suggestions were not
accepted. There must be good faith, reasoned analysis in response.
Conclusory statements unsupported by factual information will not suffice.
SECOND:
Capital Cost for an ECOfluid USBF(MBR) equipped facility is significantly less at $6.80
(without a membrane) and $7.40 a gallon capital costs (with membrane) tertiary treatment
compared to the $20.84 a gallon capital cost for the secondary level treatment oxidation
ditch out lined in the San Luis Obispo County’s current RFQ.
ECOfluid’s “pre-engineered” designs conserve energy and resources because all biological processes and secondary clarifications are accomplished in a single tank. It takes less time, money and energy to design, bid, build, operate and maintain this very efficient and effective treatment technology. A significantly less amount of land, time, energy and money are needed to construct and operate an ECOfluid USBF (MBR) equipped facility which
results in a lower environmental and economic footprint, overall.
ECOfluid’s USBF (MBR) technology significantly reduced energy usage, operational and
construction costs as stated here and in the accompanying documentation, will more than
cover any expense of reevaluating the county’s consulting engineer’s current conclusions,
when compared with every other treatment technologies outlined on page 454 in the
current DEIR.
Third:
Certain collection conveyance systems appear to have been overlooked and not
included in the DEIR. Wikipedia has a descent description/discussion that could be
evaluated side by side, the gravity sewerage selection that seems to have risen to
the top of the county’s study process. The DEIR provides little, if any, significant
discussion regarding leak detection and certainly no standards were discussed for
measuring “leakage” of raw sewage from 40+ miles of under street collection and
no discussion at all regarding the approximately same distance of on-site
conveyance to the under street “gravity” conveyance.
It is significant that un-welded sewer pipes are permitted to leak 499 gallons per
day from a “test section” while being constructed according to the San Luis Obispo
Public Improvement Standard while a vacuum or grinder pump conveyance system
won’t operate properly if either leaks at all. The actual leakage from a gravity sewer
buried up to 25 feet deep may never be detected, after it has been buried, until a
catastrophic failure or sinkhole occurs while a vacuum or grinder pump small
diameter collection system is installed using environmentally sound directional
boring technology at a fraction of the cost in a fraction of the time.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grinder_pump
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanitary_sewer
4. The allowable leakage in the test section shall not exceed 500 gallons
per mile, per 24 hours, per inch diameter of pipe tested at the five foot test head.
http://www.slocounty.ca.gov/AssetFactory.aspx?did=9362
Respectfully submitted,
Mark Low
Mark@nowastewater.com
(602) 740-7975 Voice
(480) 464-0405 Facsimile
Please contact me if interested in receiving the complete exhibits package.
Saturday, January 17, 2009
Wednesday, January 14, 2009
Smart Choices Protect the Public
The following is an exchange between Mark Hutchinson Environmental Programs Manager, Department of Public Works, San Luis Obispo County and myself.
Mark received information regarding ECOfluid during the EIR Scoping period in Decembber 2007, but none of it was discussed in the DEIR and the County's Consulting Engineer never followed up after their May 5th, 2007 meeting with "us".
We will continue our work to make known the USBF MBR Technology to those responsible for solving wastewater treatment issues, because using USBF MBR conserves energy and capital costs are greatly reduced, which eases the environmental and finacial footprint.
Smart choices are those based upon full and complete research and comparisons.
Fortunately the law appears to protect those choices.
Subject: Title 14 (b)&(c) & 15088.5 (a)
http://ceres.ca.gov/topic/env_law/ceqa/guidelines/art7.html
15088. Evaluation of and Response to Comments
(a) The lead agency shall evaluate comments on environmental issues received from persons who reviewed the draft EIR and shall prepare a written response. The Lead Agency shall respond to comments received during the noticed comment period and any extensions and may respond to late comments.
(b) The lead agency shall provide a written proposed response to a public agency on comments made by that public agency at least 10 days prior to certifying an environmental impact report.
(c) The written response shall describe the disposition of significant environmental issues raised (e.g., revisions to the proposed project to mitigate anticipated impacts or objections). In particular, the major environmental issues raised when the Lead Agency's position is at variance with recommendations and objections raised in the comments must be addressed in detail giving reasons why specific comments and suggestions were not accepted. There must be good faith, reasoned analysis in response. Conclusory statements unsupported by factual information will not suffice.
(d) The response to comments may take the form of a revision to the draft EIR or may be a separate section in the final EIR. Where the response to comments makes important changes in the information contained in the text of the draft EIR, the Lead Agency should either:
(1) Revise the text in the body of the EIR, or
(2) Include marginal notes showing that the information is revised in the response to comments.
Authority cited: Section 21083, Public Resources Code. Reference: Sections 21092.5, 21104, and 21153, Public Resources Code; People v. County of Kern (1974) 39 Cal. App. 3d 830; Cleary v. County of Stanislaus (1981) 118 Cal. App. 3d 348.
15088.5. Recirculation of an EIR Prior to Certification
(a) A lead agency is required to recirculate an EIR when significant new information is added to the EIR after public notice is given of the availability of the draft EIR for public review under Section 15087 but before certification. As used in this section, the term "information" can include changes in the project or environmental setting as well as additional data or other information. New information added to an EIR is not "significant" unless the EIR is changed in a way that deprives the public of a meaningful opportunity to comment upon a substantial adverse environmental effect of the project or a feasible way to mitigate or avoid such an effect (including a feasible project alternative) that the project's proponents have declined to implement. "Significant new information" requiring recirculation include, for example, a disclosure showing that:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I am particularly interested in how the use of MBR technology might reduce one or more of the project's environmental effects, as described in the DEIR.
Mark Low
602.740.7975 voice
480.464.0405 facsimile
Mark@NOwastewater.com
P.O. Box 1355 Mesa, Arizona 85211
Spero Meliora "I aspire to greater things"
-----Original Message-----
From: Mark Low [mailto:Mark@NOwastewater.com]
Sent: Friday, December 12, 2008 3:54 PM
To: 'mhutchinson@co.slo.ca.us'
Subject: RE: Not all MBR's are the same
Beautiful!
Thank you for your assistance.
Better water quality for less energy and at less capital cost than Ox-Ditch because USBF is done all in one basin, using gravity instead of electricity to process water through the membrane.
When tertiary membrane treatment is implemented without electricity now it will eliminate any future EIR study/reporting and construction costs and impacts of the planned tertiary "upgrade".
I will work on my comments and questions and would still appreciate a few moments of your time in the weeks ahead to speak with Karel Galland and me.
May we schedule an appointment?
Mark Low
602.740.7975 voice
480.464.0405 facsimile
Mark@NOwastewater.com
P.O. Box 1355 Mesa, Arizona 85211
Spero Meliora "I aspire to greater things"
-----Original Message-----
From: mhutchinson@co.slo.ca.us [mailto:mhutchinson@co.slo.ca.us]
Sent: Friday, December 12, 2008 3:40 PM
To: Mark Low
Subject: Re: Not all MBR's are the same
Mark,
Most people who provide comments on draft EIRs use regular mail, but I
don't see any reason why you couldn't use certified mail. Please remember
that we should focus EIR comments on environmental impacts, and that we
should explain the basis for our comments using facts, reasonable
assumptions based on facts, and expert opinion based on facts (CEQA
Guidelines section 15200).
I am particularly interested in how the use of MBR technology might reduce
one or more of the project's environmental effects, as described in the
DEIR.
Mark Hutchinson
Environmental Programs Manager
Department of Public Works
"Mark Low"
12/12/2008 02:27 cc
PM,
Subject
Not all MBR's are the same
Hello Mark,
From the DEIR http://www.lowwp-eir.net/lowwpeir/Los_Osos_DEIR.pdf :
"MBR is one of the most commonly implemented treatment process components
for communities the
size of Los Osos seeking high-quality effluent. MBR has a high energy
demand and high capital cost
for implementation. However, MBR has been included as a Level B alternative
in consideration of
the significant benefits offered by the small physical footprint and very
high-quality of the effluent
produced by MBR systems."
The statement from the DEIR is not correct: MBR has a high energy demand
and high capital cost
for implementation.
Will I need a certified return receipt when I submit my comments/questions
for the DEIR?
Mark Low
602.740.7975 voice
480.464.0405 facsimile
Mark@NOwastewater.com
P.O. Box 1355 Mesa, Arizona 85211
Spero Meliora "I aspire to greater things"
-----Original Message-----
From: mhutchinson@co.slo.ca.us [mailto:mhutchinson@co.slo.ca.us]
Sent: Friday, December 12, 2008 2:44 PM
To: Mark Low
Cc: pogren@co.slo.ca.us
Subject: Re: NWRI MBR Recommendation
Mark,
MBR is included in chapter 7 of the DEIR (Alternatives) as well as in
Appendix P-1 of the DEIR. Additional information is included in the Fine
Screening Report and of course in the 2001 EIR.
Mark Hutchinson
Environmental Programs Manager
Department of Public Works
"Mark Low"
"Mark Hutchinson"
12/12/2008 10:30
AM cc
,
Subject
NWRI MBR Recommendation
http://www.slocounty.ca.gov/AssetFactory.aspx?did=18272
Hi Mark,
I was able to access the report via the link I harvested previously below.
I see that someone is keeping the front page on the archive/news lean and
mean, which is why I didn’t see it and why I called you about it.
Is the county looking at the NWRI recommendation for Membrane Bioreactor?
If not, why not?
If so, how can I help?
Mark Low
602.740.7975 voice
480.464.0405 facsimile
Mark@NOwastewater.com
P.O. Box 1355 Mesa, Arizona 85211
Spero Meliora "I aspire to greater things"
From: Mark Low [mailto:Mark@NOwastewater.com]
Sent: Wednesday, November 05, 2008 9:35 AM
To: pogren@co.slo.ca.us; John Waddell; Mark Hutchinson;
'LOWWP@co.slo.ca.us'
Cc: BGibson@co.slo.ca.us; Karl Hadler; Lou Carella; Mark Low
Subject: ECOfluid's USBF 1 MGD Generic Plant Proposal-Membrane Bioreactor
all gravity process flow
Importance: High
Greetings Gentlemen,
In response to October 27, 2008: Release of the Final Report from the NWRI
Independent Peer Review Panel:
Treatment Technology
4.3.1 Options:
Biolac
Facultative Pond
Oxidation Ditch
Membrane Bioreactor (added by Panel)
Attached please see a generic proposal for a 1MGD ECOfluid USBF Membrane
Bioreactor Title 22 Water Reclamation Facility.
A close review of our treatment technology will reveal many advantages over
the other treatment technologies your study process included.
These advantages include, but are not limited to, reduced footprint,
reduced energy consumption, no odor, reduced sludge production, reduced
capital and O&M costs.
The cost range is $6,900,000.00 for a Micro Screen option and $7,400,000.00
for the Membrane option which includes 30% design, engineering and
contingency. As Paavo Ogren stated in August 2007- If there is a technology
that is significantly less expensive”, “then that technology becomes the
new standard and all others fall away”. When these words become reality the
citizens are well represented by their government.
The one factor that significantly contributes to operating simplicity and
reduces operating and maintenance needs and costs, is the. Pumped once from
the equalization tank into the bioreactors, the entire flow through the
process (biology, filtration and UV disinfection) is by gravity. Gravity
and hydraulic action are forces of nature and is energy which is free of
charge.
Of course any size (GPD) facility for any strength influent can be designed
upon request.
The attached Nitrogen Reduction Memorandum should be of particular interest
to those interested in solving Nitrogen loading problems.
ECOfluid President, Karel Galland and I are available to discuss in detail
this generic proposal and how a site specific proposal can be developed for
your project.
We expect to see our technology included in your study review process,
including the EIR study.
Time and money are precious, so we won’t waste any and know that you will
want to give us your best consideration so we look forward to hearing from
you soon.
Your prompt attention in this matter will be appreciated.
Kind regards,
Mark Low
602.740.7975 voice
480.464.0405 facsimile
Mark@NOwastewater.com
P.O. Box 1355 Mesa, Arizona 85211
Spero Meliora "I aspire to greater things"
(See attached file: ECOfluid 1MGD Generic Proposal.zip)(See attached
file: Custom Designs Municipal.zip)
Mark received information regarding ECOfluid during the EIR Scoping period in Decembber 2007, but none of it was discussed in the DEIR and the County's Consulting Engineer never followed up after their May 5th, 2007 meeting with "us".
We will continue our work to make known the USBF MBR Technology to those responsible for solving wastewater treatment issues, because using USBF MBR conserves energy and capital costs are greatly reduced, which eases the environmental and finacial footprint.
Smart choices are those based upon full and complete research and comparisons.
Fortunately the law appears to protect those choices.
Subject: Title 14 (b)&(c) & 15088.5 (a)
http://ceres.ca.gov/topic/env_law/ceqa/guidelines/art7.html
15088. Evaluation of and Response to Comments
(a) The lead agency shall evaluate comments on environmental issues received from persons who reviewed the draft EIR and shall prepare a written response. The Lead Agency shall respond to comments received during the noticed comment period and any extensions and may respond to late comments.
(b) The lead agency shall provide a written proposed response to a public agency on comments made by that public agency at least 10 days prior to certifying an environmental impact report.
(c) The written response shall describe the disposition of significant environmental issues raised (e.g., revisions to the proposed project to mitigate anticipated impacts or objections). In particular, the major environmental issues raised when the Lead Agency's position is at variance with recommendations and objections raised in the comments must be addressed in detail giving reasons why specific comments and suggestions were not accepted. There must be good faith, reasoned analysis in response. Conclusory statements unsupported by factual information will not suffice.
(d) The response to comments may take the form of a revision to the draft EIR or may be a separate section in the final EIR. Where the response to comments makes important changes in the information contained in the text of the draft EIR, the Lead Agency should either:
(1) Revise the text in the body of the EIR, or
(2) Include marginal notes showing that the information is revised in the response to comments.
Authority cited: Section 21083, Public Resources Code. Reference: Sections 21092.5, 21104, and 21153, Public Resources Code; People v. County of Kern (1974) 39 Cal. App. 3d 830; Cleary v. County of Stanislaus (1981) 118 Cal. App. 3d 348.
15088.5. Recirculation of an EIR Prior to Certification
(a) A lead agency is required to recirculate an EIR when significant new information is added to the EIR after public notice is given of the availability of the draft EIR for public review under Section 15087 but before certification. As used in this section, the term "information" can include changes in the project or environmental setting as well as additional data or other information. New information added to an EIR is not "significant" unless the EIR is changed in a way that deprives the public of a meaningful opportunity to comment upon a substantial adverse environmental effect of the project or a feasible way to mitigate or avoid such an effect (including a feasible project alternative) that the project's proponents have declined to implement. "Significant new information" requiring recirculation include, for example, a disclosure showing that:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I am particularly interested in how the use of MBR technology might reduce one or more of the project's environmental effects, as described in the DEIR.
Mark Low
602.740.7975 voice
480.464.0405 facsimile
Mark@NOwastewater.com
P.O. Box 1355 Mesa, Arizona 85211
Spero Meliora "I aspire to greater things"
-----Original Message-----
From: Mark Low [mailto:Mark@NOwastewater.com]
Sent: Friday, December 12, 2008 3:54 PM
To: 'mhutchinson@co.slo.ca.us'
Subject: RE: Not all MBR's are the same
Beautiful!
Thank you for your assistance.
Better water quality for less energy and at less capital cost than Ox-Ditch because USBF is done all in one basin, using gravity instead of electricity to process water through the membrane.
When tertiary membrane treatment is implemented without electricity now it will eliminate any future EIR study/reporting and construction costs and impacts of the planned tertiary "upgrade".
I will work on my comments and questions and would still appreciate a few moments of your time in the weeks ahead to speak with Karel Galland and me.
May we schedule an appointment?
Mark Low
602.740.7975 voice
480.464.0405 facsimile
Mark@NOwastewater.com
P.O. Box 1355 Mesa, Arizona 85211
Spero Meliora "I aspire to greater things"
-----Original Message-----
From: mhutchinson@co.slo.ca.us [mailto:mhutchinson@co.slo.ca.us]
Sent: Friday, December 12, 2008 3:40 PM
To: Mark Low
Subject: Re: Not all MBR's are the same
Mark,
Most people who provide comments on draft EIRs use regular mail, but I
don't see any reason why you couldn't use certified mail. Please remember
that we should focus EIR comments on environmental impacts, and that we
should explain the basis for our comments using facts, reasonable
assumptions based on facts, and expert opinion based on facts (CEQA
Guidelines section 15200).
I am particularly interested in how the use of MBR technology might reduce
one or more of the project's environmental effects, as described in the
DEIR.
Mark Hutchinson
Environmental Programs Manager
Department of Public Works
"Mark Low"
12/12/2008 02:27 cc
PM
Subject
Not all MBR's are the same
Hello Mark,
From the DEIR http://www.lowwp-eir.net/lowwpeir/Los_Osos_DEIR.pdf :
"MBR is one of the most commonly implemented treatment process components
for communities the
size of Los Osos seeking high-quality effluent. MBR has a high energy
demand and high capital cost
for implementation. However, MBR has been included as a Level B alternative
in consideration of
the significant benefits offered by the small physical footprint and very
high-quality of the effluent
produced by MBR systems."
The statement from the DEIR is not correct: MBR has a high energy demand
and high capital cost
for implementation.
Will I need a certified return receipt when I submit my comments/questions
for the DEIR?
Mark Low
602.740.7975 voice
480.464.0405 facsimile
Mark@NOwastewater.com
P.O. Box 1355 Mesa, Arizona 85211
Spero Meliora "I aspire to greater things"
-----Original Message-----
From: mhutchinson@co.slo.ca.us [mailto:mhutchinson@co.slo.ca.us]
Sent: Friday, December 12, 2008 2:44 PM
To: Mark Low
Cc: pogren@co.slo.ca.us
Subject: Re: NWRI MBR Recommendation
Mark,
MBR is included in chapter 7 of the DEIR (Alternatives) as well as in
Appendix P-1 of the DEIR. Additional information is included in the Fine
Screening Report and of course in the 2001 EIR.
Mark Hutchinson
Environmental Programs Manager
Department of Public Works
"Mark Low"
"Mark Hutchinson"
12/12/2008 10:30
AM cc
Subject
NWRI MBR Recommendation
http://www.slocounty.ca.gov/AssetFactory.aspx?did=18272
Hi Mark,
I was able to access the report via the link I harvested previously below.
I see that someone is keeping the front page on the archive/news lean and
mean, which is why I didn’t see it and why I called you about it.
Is the county looking at the NWRI recommendation for Membrane Bioreactor?
If not, why not?
If so, how can I help?
Mark Low
602.740.7975 voice
480.464.0405 facsimile
Mark@NOwastewater.com
P.O. Box 1355 Mesa, Arizona 85211
Spero Meliora "I aspire to greater things"
From: Mark Low [mailto:Mark@NOwastewater.com]
Sent: Wednesday, November 05, 2008 9:35 AM
To: pogren@co.slo.ca.us; John Waddell; Mark Hutchinson;
'LOWWP@co.slo.ca.us'
Cc: BGibson@co.slo.ca.us; Karl Hadler; Lou Carella; Mark Low
Subject: ECOfluid's USBF 1 MGD Generic Plant Proposal-Membrane Bioreactor
all gravity process flow
Importance: High
Greetings Gentlemen,
In response to October 27, 2008: Release of the Final Report from the NWRI
Independent Peer Review Panel:
Treatment Technology
4.3.1 Options:
Biolac
Facultative Pond
Oxidation Ditch
Membrane Bioreactor (added by Panel)
Attached please see a generic proposal for a 1MGD ECOfluid USBF Membrane
Bioreactor Title 22 Water Reclamation Facility.
A close review of our treatment technology will reveal many advantages over
the other treatment technologies your study process included.
These advantages include, but are not limited to, reduced footprint,
reduced energy consumption, no odor, reduced sludge production, reduced
capital and O&M costs.
The cost range is $6,900,000.00 for a Micro Screen option and $7,400,000.00
for the Membrane option which includes 30% design, engineering and
contingency. As Paavo Ogren stated in August 2007- If there is a technology
that is significantly less expensive”, “then that technology becomes the
new standard and all others fall away”. When these words become reality the
citizens are well represented by their government.
The one factor that significantly contributes to operating simplicity and
reduces operating and maintenance needs and costs, is the. Pumped once from
the equalization tank into the bioreactors, the entire flow through the
process (biology, filtration and UV disinfection) is by gravity. Gravity
and hydraulic action are forces of nature and is energy which is free of
charge.
Of course any size (GPD) facility for any strength influent can be designed
upon request.
The attached Nitrogen Reduction Memorandum should be of particular interest
to those interested in solving Nitrogen loading problems.
ECOfluid President, Karel Galland and I are available to discuss in detail
this generic proposal and how a site specific proposal can be developed for
your project.
We expect to see our technology included in your study review process,
including the EIR study.
Time and money are precious, so we won’t waste any and know that you will
want to give us your best consideration so we look forward to hearing from
you soon.
Your prompt attention in this matter will be appreciated.
Kind regards,
Mark Low
602.740.7975 voice
480.464.0405 facsimile
Mark@NOwastewater.com
P.O. Box 1355 Mesa, Arizona 85211
Spero Meliora "I aspire to greater things"
(See attached file: ECOfluid 1MGD Generic Proposal.zip)(See attached
file: Custom Designs Municipal.zip)
Thursday, December 11, 2008
PowerPoint, Proposal, Literature and more!
Because it isn't possible to post certain exhibits here, I want to invite anyone who wiuld like more information to call or write me:
Mark Low
602.740.7975 voice
480.464.0405 facsimile
Mark@NOwastewater.com
P.O. Box 1355 Mesa, Arizona 85211
Spero Meliora "I aspire to greater things"
If you can read this post you are in a very good position to become fully informed about what our technology can do, should you care to conserve money, energy and time.
Mark Low
602.740.7975 voice
480.464.0405 facsimile
Mark@NOwastewater.com
P.O. Box 1355 Mesa, Arizona 85211
Spero Meliora "I aspire to greater things"
If you can read this post you are in a very good position to become fully informed about what our technology can do, should you care to conserve money, energy and time.
USBF Technology Summary
The upflow sludge blanket filtration process,
USBF™ is the result of over fifty years of
research, development, testing and practical
experience. It is a modification of the
conventional activated sludge process that
incorporates an anoxic selector zone and an
upflow sludge blanket filtration clarifier all in
one integrated bioreactor vessel.
The treatment includes not only the efficient
reduction of BOD5 and TSS but also biological
nutrient removal (BNR) by the processes of
denitrification and “biological luxury uptake”.
The ensuing compact, modular system takes up
significantly less space and contains very few
moving parts. The result is an efficient, highly
affordable wastewater treatment plant with low
maintenance and operating costs.
USBF technology has no inherent capacity limits
and is used in a wide range of applications.
Plants serving the domestic and municipal
sectors or treating industrial, food processing
and agricultural wastewater are in successful
operation worldwide.
Since the high treatment efficiency of the
advanced secondary USBF process opens the
door to cost effective tertiary post-treatment,
the process has also been increasingly utilized in
the design of water reclamation plants.
THREE FEATURES THAT INCREASE
EFFICIENCY AND REDUCE COSTS
USBF Clarifier
Upflow sludge blanket filtration in a prism or a
cone shaped clarifier introduces a substantially
higher specific rate of separation than other
commonly used separation techniques. Unlike
conventional clarifiers, the influent enters at the
bottom and flows upwards. As the cross
sectional area increases, the upflow velocity
decreases until the activated sludge flocs
become stationary and thus form a filtering
media for activated sludge flowing through. High
filtration efficiency is achieved and even
particles with settling velocities too low to be
removed by settling alone are filtered out.
High Sludge Concentration
Most traditional plants operate at low or
medium sludge concentrations, typically 2,500 –
3,500 mg/l. USBF clarifiers by contrast operate
at higher sludge concentrations, typically 4,000
– 6,000 mg/l resulting in longer sludge age and
increased biological efficiency.
All Processes Integrated into One
Reactor
Most conventional technologies carry out
processes of nitrification, denitrification,
clarification and sludge stabilization in a number
of dedicated vessels. By contrast, USBF
technology incorporates all of these processes
inside one compact bioreactor, reducing
equipment size and liquid handling
requirements.
PROCESS
Operation of a USBF plant is simple and selfregulating.
Wastewater enters the anoxic
compartment of the bioreactor where it mixes
with activated sludge recycled from the bottom
of the clarifier. Agitated and moved in a plug
flow manner, the mixed liquor flows into the
bioreactor’s aerobic compartment.
After aeration, a stream of the mixed liquor
enters the bottom of the clarifier where the
sludge flocs and water are separated by upflow
sludge blanket filtration. After separation,
filtered effluent overflows into a collection
trough and is discharged from the system.
To complete the internal circulation loop,
activated sludge collecting at the bottom of the
clarifier is recycled back into the bioreactor’s
anoxic compartment.
BENEFITS
High Treatment Efficiency Including
Biological Nutrient Removal (BNR)
The USBF process features an internal anoxic
compartment for biological reduction of
nitrogen and phosphorus by nitrification,
denitrification and 'luxury uptake' processes
respectively.
Alkalinity Recovery & Filamentous
Bacteria Control
The integral denitrification process facilitates
partial recovery of alkalinity during nitrification.
As well, the anoxic selector is used to control
filamentous bacteria growth within the system.
No Primary Clarification
USBF technology does not require primary
clarification prior to biological treatment. A
proper screening facility and for larger plants,
grit removal system is all that is required
upstream of the bioreactors.
Hydraulic Flexibility
The clarifier's prism or cone shape not only
allows other treatment processes to take place
around it, but it also facilitates superior
hydraulic flexibility. USBF technology easily
accommodates high peak flows and flow swings
in a self-regulating manner; the higher the flow,
the higher the sludge blanket rises and the
larger the filtration area becomes.
Modular and Flexible Design
Modularity of design allows owners to stage
plant development and balance early outset
capital expenditures more easily. The modular
nature of the system also ensures that plants
can be quickly expanded if and when growth
demands. A variety of construction materials
can be used and USBF clarifiers can be
retrofitted into virtually any existing tank or
packaged together as a completely selfcontained
unit.
Reduced Operating and Maintenance
Requirements
The compact design, minimal amount of moving
parts, modularity of construction and selfregulating
hydraulics result in reduced
supervision requirements, contributing to lower
operating and maintenance costs.
Reduced Site Requirements
USBF technology incorporates nitrification,
denitrification, clarification and sludge
stabilization all into one compact bioreactor
which reduces equipment size and liquid
handling requirements and ultimately leads to a
smaller plant footprint.
Virtually No Odor
Aerobic conditions throughout the bioreactor
and extended sludge age dramatically reduce
the potential for odor production. USBF plants
can be located within populated areas without
the concern of odor problems.
Improved Sludge Characteristics
Low microbial loading (extended sludge age of
25-35 days) produces less excess, aerobically
stabilized sludge and improves sludge structure
and mechanical dewatering characteristics.
Patented and Proven
With literally hundreds of plants in operation
worldwide, USBF technology has been proven
to consistently deliver high quality treated
effluent in a variety of applications.
APPLICATIONS
Municipal and Domestic Wastewater
Customized and packaged USBF treatment plants serving municipalities,
communities, subdivisions, ski resorts, shopping
centers, summer resorts, golf courses, hotels,
restaurants etc. are in operation worldwide.
Water Reclamation
High advanced secondary treatment efficiency of
the USBF process paves the way for efficient and
economical tertiary treatment. USBF is
increasingly, and with advantage, used in the
design of treatment plants producing unrestricted
access (Class A or Title 22) reclaimed water.
Existing Plant Retrofits
The self-contained nature of the internal
circulation loop and structural independence of
the USBF clarifier insert make it possible that
virtually any tank can be converted to a
wastewater treatment plant. Many existing RBC’s,
oxidation ditches and other plants have been
retrofitted with USBF clarifiers to increase
treatment efficiency and/or plant capacity.
Industrial Wastewater
Many plants treating high strength industrial
wastewater including food processing plants,
slaughterhouses and rendering plants, dairy plants
and pulp mills have been designed and are in
successful operation worldwide.
USBF™ is the result of over fifty years of
research, development, testing and practical
experience. It is a modification of the
conventional activated sludge process that
incorporates an anoxic selector zone and an
upflow sludge blanket filtration clarifier all in
one integrated bioreactor vessel.
The treatment includes not only the efficient
reduction of BOD5 and TSS but also biological
nutrient removal (BNR) by the processes of
denitrification and “biological luxury uptake”.
The ensuing compact, modular system takes up
significantly less space and contains very few
moving parts. The result is an efficient, highly
affordable wastewater treatment plant with low
maintenance and operating costs.
USBF technology has no inherent capacity limits
and is used in a wide range of applications.
Plants serving the domestic and municipal
sectors or treating industrial, food processing
and agricultural wastewater are in successful
operation worldwide.
Since the high treatment efficiency of the
advanced secondary USBF process opens the
door to cost effective tertiary post-treatment,
the process has also been increasingly utilized in
the design of water reclamation plants.
THREE FEATURES THAT INCREASE
EFFICIENCY AND REDUCE COSTS
USBF Clarifier
Upflow sludge blanket filtration in a prism or a
cone shaped clarifier introduces a substantially
higher specific rate of separation than other
commonly used separation techniques. Unlike
conventional clarifiers, the influent enters at the
bottom and flows upwards. As the cross
sectional area increases, the upflow velocity
decreases until the activated sludge flocs
become stationary and thus form a filtering
media for activated sludge flowing through. High
filtration efficiency is achieved and even
particles with settling velocities too low to be
removed by settling alone are filtered out.
High Sludge Concentration
Most traditional plants operate at low or
medium sludge concentrations, typically 2,500 –
3,500 mg/l. USBF clarifiers by contrast operate
at higher sludge concentrations, typically 4,000
– 6,000 mg/l resulting in longer sludge age and
increased biological efficiency.
All Processes Integrated into One
Reactor
Most conventional technologies carry out
processes of nitrification, denitrification,
clarification and sludge stabilization in a number
of dedicated vessels. By contrast, USBF
technology incorporates all of these processes
inside one compact bioreactor, reducing
equipment size and liquid handling
requirements.
PROCESS
Operation of a USBF plant is simple and selfregulating.
Wastewater enters the anoxic
compartment of the bioreactor where it mixes
with activated sludge recycled from the bottom
of the clarifier. Agitated and moved in a plug
flow manner, the mixed liquor flows into the
bioreactor’s aerobic compartment.
After aeration, a stream of the mixed liquor
enters the bottom of the clarifier where the
sludge flocs and water are separated by upflow
sludge blanket filtration. After separation,
filtered effluent overflows into a collection
trough and is discharged from the system.
To complete the internal circulation loop,
activated sludge collecting at the bottom of the
clarifier is recycled back into the bioreactor’s
anoxic compartment.
BENEFITS
High Treatment Efficiency Including
Biological Nutrient Removal (BNR)
The USBF process features an internal anoxic
compartment for biological reduction of
nitrogen and phosphorus by nitrification,
denitrification and 'luxury uptake' processes
respectively.
Alkalinity Recovery & Filamentous
Bacteria Control
The integral denitrification process facilitates
partial recovery of alkalinity during nitrification.
As well, the anoxic selector is used to control
filamentous bacteria growth within the system.
No Primary Clarification
USBF technology does not require primary
clarification prior to biological treatment. A
proper screening facility and for larger plants,
grit removal system is all that is required
upstream of the bioreactors.
Hydraulic Flexibility
The clarifier's prism or cone shape not only
allows other treatment processes to take place
around it, but it also facilitates superior
hydraulic flexibility. USBF technology easily
accommodates high peak flows and flow swings
in a self-regulating manner; the higher the flow,
the higher the sludge blanket rises and the
larger the filtration area becomes.
Modular and Flexible Design
Modularity of design allows owners to stage
plant development and balance early outset
capital expenditures more easily. The modular
nature of the system also ensures that plants
can be quickly expanded if and when growth
demands. A variety of construction materials
can be used and USBF clarifiers can be
retrofitted into virtually any existing tank or
packaged together as a completely selfcontained
unit.
Reduced Operating and Maintenance
Requirements
The compact design, minimal amount of moving
parts, modularity of construction and selfregulating
hydraulics result in reduced
supervision requirements, contributing to lower
operating and maintenance costs.
Reduced Site Requirements
USBF technology incorporates nitrification,
denitrification, clarification and sludge
stabilization all into one compact bioreactor
which reduces equipment size and liquid
handling requirements and ultimately leads to a
smaller plant footprint.
Virtually No Odor
Aerobic conditions throughout the bioreactor
and extended sludge age dramatically reduce
the potential for odor production. USBF plants
can be located within populated areas without
the concern of odor problems.
Improved Sludge Characteristics
Low microbial loading (extended sludge age of
25-35 days) produces less excess, aerobically
stabilized sludge and improves sludge structure
and mechanical dewatering characteristics.
Patented and Proven
With literally hundreds of plants in operation
worldwide, USBF technology has been proven
to consistently deliver high quality treated
effluent in a variety of applications.
APPLICATIONS
Municipal and Domestic Wastewater
Customized and packaged USBF treatment plants serving municipalities,
communities, subdivisions, ski resorts, shopping
centers, summer resorts, golf courses, hotels,
restaurants etc. are in operation worldwide.
Water Reclamation
High advanced secondary treatment efficiency of
the USBF process paves the way for efficient and
economical tertiary treatment. USBF is
increasingly, and with advantage, used in the
design of treatment plants producing unrestricted
access (Class A or Title 22) reclaimed water.
Existing Plant Retrofits
The self-contained nature of the internal
circulation loop and structural independence of
the USBF clarifier insert make it possible that
virtually any tank can be converted to a
wastewater treatment plant. Many existing RBC’s,
oxidation ditches and other plants have been
retrofitted with USBF clarifiers to increase
treatment efficiency and/or plant capacity.
Industrial Wastewater
Many plants treating high strength industrial
wastewater including food processing plants,
slaughterhouses and rendering plants, dairy plants
and pulp mills have been designed and are in
successful operation worldwide.
Tuesday, February 26, 2008
Truth
All truth passes through three stages. First, it is ridiculed. Second, it is violently opposed. Third, it is accepted as being self-evident. Arthur Schopenhauer 2/22/1788-9/21/1860
Sunday, February 17, 2008
Never Doubt
Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed citizens can change the world; indeed, it's the only thing that ever has. Margaret Mead-Date of Birth: December 16, 1901 Date of Death: November 15, 1978
Sunday, February 10, 2008
Excellence
Excellence is an art won by training and habituation. We do not act rightly because we have virtue or excellence, but we rather have those because we have acted rightly. We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an act but a habit.
Aristotle Year of Birth: 384 BC Year of Death: 322 BC
Aristotle Year of Birth: 384 BC Year of Death: 322 BC
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